河南省同名小麦地方品种SSR遗传多样性分析

为了给河南省小麦地方品种的开发利用提供依据,利用SSR标记对白和尚头、白麦、白芒糙、出山豹等15组名称相同的小麦地方品种共计155份材料进行了组间和组内遗传多样性分析。结果发现,同名品种组内,15组材料的等位变异变化范围为47~79个,平均遗传相似系数变化范围为0.66~0.93,多态性信息含量分布范围为0.856~0.936;同名品种组间,155份材料共产生143个等位变异,遗传相似系数分布范围为0.75~1.00,平均遗传相似系数为0.90,多态性信息含量为0.981。分别对同名品种组内和组间进行聚类分析,结果发现,同名品种组内3组共7份材料遗传相似系数为1.00,而同名品种组间未出现遗传相似系数为1.00的材料。由此可见,河南省小麦地方品种具有丰富的遗传多样性,同名小麦地方品种间存在同名同质和同名异质的现象。

Genetic Diversity of Henan Wheat Landraces with the Same Name Detected by SSR Markers

To analyze genetic diversity of the wheat landraces (Oryza sativa L.)with the same name, fifteen groups with the same names including Baiheshangtou, Baimai, Baimangcao and Chushanbao etc., including 155 wheat landraces were analyzed on simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphisms. For each group of landraces with the same name, the number of SSR alleles ranged from 47 to 79 across 15 groups, and the average genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.66 to 0.93, and the polymorphism information contents (PIC) ranged from 0.856 to 0.936. Among different groups of landraces, there were 143 polymorphism alleles detected among 155 landraces, and the average genetic similarity coefficient was 0.90 ranging from 0.75 to 1.00, and the PIC was 0.981. Cluster analysis identified seven cultivars from three groups have genetic similarity coefficient of 1.00. The identical sample has not been found among the landrace groups. This study indicates that there is abundant genetic diversity of wheat landraces from Henan, even for the landraces with the same name. The study also indicates that SSR is a useful marker system to study genetic relationship among wheat landraces.