小麦系选品种与其亲本的遗传差异分析

为了解小麦系选品种与其亲本间遗传物质的传递特点,利用分布于小麦全基因组的522个SSR标记和十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对7个系选品种及其亲本进行了分析.总体来看,UPGMA聚类和品种间遗传距离分析结果与品种间亲缘关系有较好的一致性,7个系选品种与其亲本间不同位点的比例平均为25.3％,其中昌乐5号与亲本济南4号有118个(22.6％)不同位点,北京14与其衍生的6个姊妹系品种存在差异的位点数在79～179之间,分别占全基因组遗传信息的15.1％～34.3％.从基因组和染色体来看,系选品种与其亲本的遗传差异较大,其中红良5号在1A、7A、1B和4D染色体,冀麦2号在1D染色体,京双3号在7D染色体,分别与亲本北京14不同位点的比例等于或超过50.0％.高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基分析发现,7个系选品种分别与他们的亲本高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成相同.

Genetic Difference between Seven Wheat Accessions Developed by Direct Selection from A Parental Genotype and Their Parents

To investigate the characteristics of parental inheritance, seven accessions developed by direct selection from a parent genotype were analyzed by employing 522 SSR markers which distributed on 21 chromosomes of wheat and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). The analysis of UPGMA dendrogram and Nei's distance among the nine cultivars was accord with their genetic relationship. The average ratio of different loci between seven derivants and their parents was 25.3%. The cultivar Changle 5 had 118 (22.6%) inconsistent loci with its parent Jinan 4, and the numbers of inconsistent loci varied from 79 (15.1%) to 179 (34.3%) between Beijing 14 and its 6 derivants, respectively. Obvious difference was also observed between the derivatives and their parents on either genomic level or chromosomal level. More than 50.0 percentages of all loci were inconsistent for Hongliang 5 on the chromosomes 1A, 7A, 1B and 4D, for Jimai 2 on the chromosome 1D, and for Jingshuang 3 on the chromosome 7D, with their parent Beijing 14, respectively. Furthermore, the same high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition was observed between the seven derivatives and their parents, respectively.