基于SNP标记的小麦高通量身份鉴定模式

为探索小麦品种高通量SNP身份鉴定模式，利用 wheat 90K SNP芯片对380份小麦品种进行了全基因组扫描、分析和评价，从中筛选出高质量、高分辨率、单拷贝和均匀分布的候选SNP标记384个，能将除近等基因系以外的所有品种区分开；基于组合最优化算法，获得小麦品种高通量鉴定最少SNP位点组合一套，包含14个SNP标记，区分能力与384个SNP标记相同。将14个SNP位点转化成KASP标记，分析选取的95份样品，结果显示，芯片平台和KASP平台上的基因分型结果一致。考虑品种实际鉴定过程中存在样本量大、高度近似品种少等情况，权衡准确、经济、灵活、快速、通量高等检测需求，建议品种高通量身份鉴定可采取“核心位点+扩展位点”的模式进行。本研究为小麦等农作物品种SNP高通量身份鉴定技术体系的建立和指纹数据库的构建提供了有利的参考。

High-Throughput Identification Mode for Wheat Varieties Based on SNP Markers

In order to explore the high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) identification mode for wheat varieties,380 wheat materials were screened and evaluated using wheat genome-wide 90K SNP array,and 384 SNP markers were screened out with high quality,high resolution,single-copy and uniform distribution,which could distinguish all the varieties except for near isogenic lines. Based on combinatorial optimization algorithm,a set of SNP markers,with the minimum number of SNPs,including 14 SNP markers,was obtained for high-throughput identification in wheat,and the ability of the 14 SNPs to distinguish varieties was as the same as that of the 384 SNP markers. The 14 SNP loci were then converted to KASP markers,and 95 samples were selected from the 380 samples to compare the results of 90K SNP array and KASP-SNP platform. The genotyping results of 95 samples were identical between the two platforms. Considering the large sample size and few highly approximate varieties in the practical variety identification process,to balance the testing requirements of accuracy,economy,flexibility,and high-throughput,we suggest that the identification of variety can be carried out in the mode of core locus + extension site. This study provides a useful reference for establishment of high-throughput SNP identification technology system and the construction of fingerprint database in wheat and other crops.