北方冬麦区与黄淮北片优良小麦品种(系)耐热性评价

为筛选小麦耐热种质资源,在开花后15d开始覆盖塑料大棚,模拟高温胁迫,对来自我国北方冬麦区和黄淮北片主推的53个小麦品种(系)的千粒重热感指数、容重热感指数、几何平均产量进行分析,并以耐热品种TAM107为对照,结合苗期细胞膜热稳定性对参试材料的耐热性进行评价。结果表明,在三年(2008-2011)试验中,千粒重热感指数均小于1的品种(系)有9个(05CA306、京冬8号、邯6228、衡6632、农大3492、农大3432、济麦19、农大212和衡4399),容重热感指数均小于1的品种(系)有8个(衡观216、农大3492、农大413、京冬8号、山农2149、农大212、衡6632和济麦19)。依据参试品种(系)在3年的几何平均产量及热感指数的结果,农大212、农大3492、京冬8号、济麦19、衡6632、农大413、山农2149和衡观216可作为耐热高产品种(系)在生产上推广应用。利用细胞膜热稳定性筛选出44个苗期耐热性好的品种(系)。综合细胞膜热稳定性法及田间评价结果,农大212、衡6632、农大3492、济麦19、农大413、山农2149和衡观216为耐热性较好的品种(系)。

Evaluation the Thermotolerance of the Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars and Advanced Lines Collected from the Northern China and North Area of Huanghuai Winter Wheat Regions

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in China.Heat stress seriously affects yield and grain quality.Therefore,evaluating and screening heat tolerant wheat cultivars become an important research subject.In this study,fifty-three wheat cultivars and advanced lines collected from the Northern China and North Area of Huanghuai Winter Wheat Regions were selected as the experimental materials.Heat treatment simulated under plastic film covered shelter began at the 15th day after flowering,and then the agronomic traits were investigated after harvest.Heat susceptibility index,geometric mean yield and cell membrane thermostability were suggested as selection criteria for the evaluation of heat tolerance.The main results were as follows: Firstly,cultivars (lines) with STKW<1 in the three years' trials were 05CA306,Jingdong 8,Han 6228,Heng 6632,Nongda 3492,Nongda 3432,Jimai 19,Nongda 212 and Heng 4399.Secondly,cultivars (lines) with STW<1 in the three years' trials were Hengguan 216,Nongda 413,Jingdong 8,Shannong 2149,Nongda 212 and Jimai 19.Thirdly,based on the combination of both heat susceptibility index and geometric mean yield,the cultivars (lines) selected for wide utilization in agriculture production as heat tolerant wheat cultivars (lines),were Nongda 212,Nongda 3492,Jingdong 8,Jimai 19,Heng 6632,Nongda 413,Heng 4399,Shannong 2149 and Hengguan 216.Fourthly,compared with the heat tolerant cultivar TAM107,forty-four cultivars (lines) were selected as the heat tolerance varieties (lines) using cell membrane thermostability to identify the thermotolerance of the wheat seedling.Taken all together,by using cell membrane thermostability and agronomic trait,Nongda 212,Heng 6632,Nongda 3492,Jimai 19,Nongda 413,Nongda 2149 and Hengguan 216 were selected as thermotolerant varities (lines).