小麦核质杂种主要性状遗传参数的研究

采用数量遗传学的统计方法,对8个稳定的节节麦胞质的普通小麦核质杂种的株高等8个性状的平均数、变异系数、广义遗传力、表现型相关系数、基因型相关系数作了估算。结果表明,（1）各性状变异系数较大的是有效分蘖数、株粒重、穗长和穗粒重,其它性状变幅较小;（2）各性状广义遗传力由大到小顺序为:株高、穗长、小穗数、千粒重、穗粒重、株粒重、有效分蘖数和穗粒数;（3）表现型相关与基因型相关趋势一致,其中穗长与穗粒数和株粒重、株粒重与株高和千粒重、有效分蘖数与株粒重和小穗数显著相关。这些结果与前人用普通小麦作试材的研究结果基本一致。据此,可认为普通小麦选育理论同样适用于核质杂种。

Study on the Genetic Parameters of the Main Characters of Nucleo-cytoplasmic Hybrid Wheat

The mean, CV, broad-sense heritability, the correlation coefficient of genetic and Genotype of 8 traits from 8 stable nucleo-cytoplasmic common wheat hybrids with Ae. tauschii Cosson Syn were estimated by the methods of genetics and statistics. The results showed that, (1) The CV of effective tillers, yield per plant, length of main head and weight of main head were bigger than CV of other traits; (2) The number order of broad-sense heritability from big to small was: plant height, spike length, spikelets per spike, 1000-ker-nel weight, main head weight, effective tillers and kernels per spike; (3) The changing trend of the correlations of traits from phenotype was the same as it from genetic. Among them some correlations were significant. They were spike length with kernels per spike and weight per plant, weight per plant with plant height and1000-kernel weight, effective tillers with weight per plant and spikelets per spike. These results were similar to the results reported from common wheat. From it, it was believed thought that the selective theory to common wheat was also suitable to the hybrids of nucleo-cytoplasmic.