源库调节对小麦籽粒灌浆及光合特性的影响

为探讨不同穗型超高产小麦品种的源库关系，通过剪叶和去穗处理研究了两个不同穗型小麦品种“兰考矮早八”和“豫麦49—198”的籽粒灌浆和光合特性。结果表明，两个品种的籽粒体积、千粒重、灌浆速率在花后15d之后均表现为去穗处理〉对照〉去叶处理。去叶处理使两个品种的千粒重、灌浆速率均有所下降．其中豫麦49—198较对照下降最大比例分别为24．4％和22％，兰考矮早八下降的最大比例分别为7．6％和9％；去穗处理使两个品种的千粒重和灌浆速率均有所增加，其中豫麦49—198较对照增加的最大比例分别为11．1％和17％，兰考矮早八增加的最大比例分别为12．2％和17．25％。源库改变对两个品种的光合特性均有影响，表现为对照旗叶〉去穗旗叶〉去叶倒二叶〉对照例二叶。随着灌浆进程，豫麦49—198去叶处理的倒二叶光舍速率较对照增加的比例从40％减为25％．兰考矮早八去穗处理的旗叶光合速率较对照下降的比例从27％减为20％。

Effect of Source-sink Manipulation on Grain Filling and Photosynthesis of Wheat

By means of leaf-cutting and spikelet-removing,the effects of source-sink manipulation on grain filling and photosynthesis of two wheat cultivars with different spike-type were studied.The results showed that kernel volume,1000-grain weight and grain filling rate declined from 15 d after anthesis in a decreasing order of spikelet removal>control>flag leaf removal.The 1000-grian weight and grian filling rate of Yumai 49-198 in flag leaf removal treatment decreased 24% and 22%,While that of Lankaoaizao 8 decreased 7.6%and 9%,respectively.The 1000-grain weight and grain filling rate of Yumai 49-198 in spikelet removal treatment increased 11.1% and 17%,while that of Lankaoaizao8 increased 12.2%and 17.25%,respectively.Source-sink manipulation had effects on photosynthesis rate of two wheat cultivars.The photosynthesis rate of two wheat cultivars declined after anthesis in a decreasing order of flag leaf in control>flag leaf in spikelet removal treatment>penultimate flag in flag leaf removal treatment>penultimate flag in control.The photosynthesis rate of penultimate flag of Yumai 49-198 in flag leaf removal treatment decreased from 40% to 25% with grain filling.The photosynthesis rate of flag leaf of Lankaoaizao 8 in spikelet removal treatment declined from 27% to 20% with grain filling.