52份波兰小麦种子性状分析

为了解波兰小麦籽粒及其品质性状，对52份波兰小麦品种籽粒性状进行了测定，并对其品质性状间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明：（1）供试波兰小麦籽粒千粒重变异系数最高为42.27%，其次为粗蛋白、湿面筋含量，变异系数分别为11.47%和11.74%；较高原448，10号的籽粒千粒重提高46.95%，20号的粗蛋白含量提高105.83%，2号的湿面筋含量提高94.31%，这些品种可以作为较高千粒重和籽粒品质的重要种质资源；供试小麦籽粒长度、宽度与千粒重呈极显著正相关，籽粒大小可以作为千粒重选择的指标。（2）主成分分析表明，波兰小麦面粉的形成时间对其品质影响的权重最高（W=0.24），其次是稳定时间对品质的影响（W=0.23）；面粉的稳定时间和形成时间与籽粒含水率、粗蛋白含量呈显著或极显著负相关，与籽粒千粒重呈极显著正相关，湿面筋含量与面粉形成时间呈显著正相关。可选择千粒重较大、籽粒含水率较低、粗蛋白含量适宜的波兰小麦作为我国小麦遗传基础拓展和品种改良的亲本材料。

Analysis of Seed Traits of 52 Wheat Varieties(Triticum polonicum L.)

To investigate the seed size,grain quality and other traits of theTriticum polonicum L,the seed traits of 52 wheat varieties(Triticum polonicum L) were determined.The results showed that coefficient of variation of thousand grain weight of the tested varieties was highest(42.27%),and that of the crude protein and wet gluten content was 11.47% and 11.74%,respectively.Compared withGaoyuan 448,the thousand grain weight of No. 10 increased by 46.95%; the crude protein content of No. 20 increased by 105.83% and the wet gluten content of No. 2 increased by 94.31%;these varieties can be used as important germplasm resources with high thousand grain weight and grain quality.The length and width of grain were significantly positively correlated with thousand grain weight,which can be used as indicators for thousand grain weight selection.Principal component analysis showed the weight of dough development time on grain quality was the highest(W=0.24),followed by stability time on grain quality(W= 0.23). The dough stability time and development time were significantly negatively correlated with grain moisture and crude protein content,but significantly positively correlated with thousand grain weight,and the wet gluten content was significantly positively correlated with flour development time. Therefore,the materials with larger thousand grain weight,lower grain moisture content and suitable crude protein content can be selected as the parent materials for wheat genetic foundation expansion and variety improvement in China.