叠氮化钠诱变普通小麦陕农33突变体库的构建和初步评估

为了用叠氮化钠(NaN3)构建一个小麦突变体库,分别用浓度为0、5、10、15、20 mmol·L-1的NaN3处理普通小麦陕农33的种子,检测了各处理发芽指标和田间M1群体的生理及形态特征。结果表明,10mmol·L-1的NaN3是诱变普通小麦较适宜的浓度。在以10mmol·L-1的NaN3诱变普通小麦得到的M2群体中发现了322份茎、叶、穗和其他性状变异的突变体,其中204份茎秆性状突变、65份叶片性状突变、24份穗部性状突变和115份其他性状突变,突变频率分别为5.18%、1.65%、0.61%、2.92%。采用RAPD分子标记技术估计该群体的突变密度为1/57.0kb。经M3代田间鉴定,共获得可遗传突变株系58个。本研究所构建的突变体库可为小麦功能基因组学研究和小麦育种提供材料。

Construction and Preliminary Assessment of a Mutant Library of Common Wheat Cultivar Shaannong 33 Mutated with Sodium Azide

To create a common wheat mutant library, seeds of wheat cultivar Shaannong 33 were treated with sodium azide at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mmol·L^-1, respectively. The appropriate mutagenesis concentration was screened out preliminarily through laboratory germination test indexes and field growth indexes of M1 population. According to the statistic result, 10 mmol·L^-1 was accepted to be the appropriate mutagenesis concentration. A M₂ population was derived from the M1 population treated with 10 mmol·L^-1 sodium azide, and abundant phenotypic mutation types and plentiful phenotypic mutants were observed among the M₂ population and the mutant traits of 58 lines were validated to be inheritable. Of these mutants, 204 mutants were in stem character, 65 mutants in leaf character, 24 mutants in spike character and 115 mutants in other characters, and the corresponding mutant percentages were 5.18%, 1.65%, 0.61%and 2.92%, respectively. The mutation rate of the M₂ population was estimated to be 1/57.0 kb by applying RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) test. This mutant library could provide materials for wheat functional genomic research and wheat breeding.