Management of Bemisia tabaci biotype B with botanical and mineral oils |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Escola de agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 131, CEP 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil;2. Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Caixa Postal 179, CEP 75375-000 Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil;3. Mid Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA;1. Surface and Colloid Science Laboratory, Geological Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata 700 108, India;2. Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734 013, India;1. Peoples'' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia;2. Chechen State University, Sheripova 32, 364024 Grozny, Russia;1. Regional Water Analysis & Research Laboratory, U.P. Jal Nigam, Lanka, Varanasi 221005, U.P., India;2. Nanoscience and Electrochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, U.P., India;3. Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India;1. Federal University of Goiás, Faculty of Agronomy, Campus Samambaia, Rodovia Goiânia/Nova Veneza, Km 0, P.O. Box 131, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil;2. Embrapa Rice and Beans, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12 – Zona Rural, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO 75375-000, Brazil;3. Embrapa Temperate Agriculture, Rod. BR 392, Km 78, 9° Distrito, Pelotas, RS 96010-971, Brazil;1. Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil;2. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil;3. Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | While the toxic effects of neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, on Bemisia tabaci Genn. are well documented, few studies have evaluated other oils. We compared neem, sesame, citrus, castor, vegetable and mineral oils (1% v/v) to a chemical standard thiamethoxam (0.17 g A.I./L) against B. tabaci biotype B life stages on dry bean plants Phaseolus vulgaris L. under screenhouse conditions. Oils and thiamethoxam exhibited low ovicidal activity (<10% egg mortality). However, significant mortality occurred due to the residual activity to 1st instars that emerged from treated eggs. Overall, impacts of egg treatments were greatest for thiamethoxam (77% total mortality for eggs and 1st instars) compared with oils which were statistically similar (22–29% mortality). Larvicidal effect of oils (against 2nd instars) was greater than ovicidal effects. Highest nymphal mortality (>81%) was achieved with castor, sesame, citrus and neem oils, which was significantly greater than for thiamethoxam (65% mortality). Adult whiteflies were exposed to fresh and aged spray residues, rather than being sprayed directly. In this case, comparatively lower efficacy was achieved from oil treatments compared with thiamethoxam. While some mortality was observed from fresh residues of slow drying oils (up to 41% for castor oil), no significant control from any oil residues >3 days old was observed in our tests. The different route of exposure against adults likely reduced the effectiveness of oil treatments which act directly on the cuticle. In trials with viruliferous adult whiteflies exposed to fresh residues, none of the tested products completely prevented transmission of bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV). However, we noted reduced virus severity ratings from plants pre-treated with castor and citrus oil. We conclude that castor, sesame, citrus and neem oils have the potential to be used in whitefly management programs. |
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| Keywords: | Sweetpotato whitefly Biorational insecticides Thiamethoxam Bean golden mosaic virus |
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