Trichoderma asperellum is effective for biocontrol of Verticillium wilt in olive caused by the defoliating pathotype of Verticillium dahliae |
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| Institution: | 1. Spanish-Portuguese Centre for Agricultural Research (CIALE), Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Río Duero 12, Campus de Villamayor, 37185 Salamanca, Spain;2. Departamento de Protección de Cultivos, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain;3. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Edificio C4 “Celestino Mutis”, Ctra. de Madrid Km. 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042 South Australia, Australia;2. Soil Biology and Diagnostics, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Urrbrae, 5064 South Australia, Australia;1. Enzymology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás 74090-900, Brazil;2. Nematology Laboratory, School of Agronomy and Food Engineering Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás 74090-900, Brazil;3. Embrapa Rice and Beans, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Goiás 75375-000, Brazil;1. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;2. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA;1. Laboratory of Agroforestry Pathology, Department of Agronomy, ETSIAM, University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Edificio C4, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, ETSIAM, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio C4, 14071 Cordoba, Spain;3. Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation (CORPOICA), Research Center (Nataima), Km 9, Espinal-Ibague, Tolima, Colombia |
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| Abstract: | Verticillium wilt caused by a highly virulent, defoliating (D) pathotype of Verticillium dahliae is threatening olive production in Spain and other Mediterranean countries. This disease must be managed by an integrated strategy, in which biocontrol agents can play an important role. We have investigated the potential of Trichoderma asperellum strains for antagonism against V. dahliae and suppression of Verticillium wilt of olive caused by the D pathotype. First, we tested the antagonistic potential of T. asperellum strains Bt2, Bt3 and T25 against six V. dahliae isolates, four of the D and two of the nondefoliating (ND) pathotypes, in different in vitro assays. All T. asperellum strains overgrew the colonies of all V. dahliae isolates to a similar extent. However, extracellular compounds from strains Bt3 and T25 showed higher anti-V. dahliae activities than those of Bt2 in membrane assays. Also, growth of Bt2 was reduced by ND V. dahliae whereas that of Bt3 and T25 was not affected by V. dahliae-secreted compounds. In planta assays using strains Bt3 and T25, and ’Picual’ olive plants, showed that the two T. asperellum strains significantly reduced the severity of symptoms and the standardized area under the disease progress curve caused by highly virulent D V. dahliae, but not the final disease incidence. Strain T25 significantly increased growth of ‘Picual’ plants and displayed higher ability for colonizing the olive rhizosphere and establishing endophytic infection in olive roots than Bt3. |
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| Keywords: | Antibiosis Biological control Antagonism Rhizosphere colonization Growth promotion ‘Picual’ olive |
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