生物炭对酸化茶园土壤性状和真菌群落结构的影响

为探讨生物炭长期施用对酸化茶园土壤改良和真菌群落结构的影响,分析了按生物炭用量0、2.5、5、10、20、40 t·hm^-2施用5年后的茶园土壤性状和真菌群落结构变化。结果表明,施用生物炭5年后的茶园土壤pH提高了0.16~1.11,可溶性有机碳含量提高了52.6%~92.3%,而铵态氮和硝态氮含量以10 t·hm^-2处理最高。施用生物炭5年后的土壤性质变化,进一步影响了真菌群落结构,表现为Chao指数、ACE指数和Shannon指数随生物炭用量增加呈先增加后降低的趋势;提高生物炭施用量对茶园土壤次要作用的真菌（LDA值<3.50）丰度的增加效果高于优势真菌（LDA值>3.50）的效果,其中被孢霉属、木霉属、毛壳菌属的相对丰度增加,黑盘孢属的相对丰度降低。

Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Properties and Fungi Community Structure in Acidified Tea Gardens

The impact of long-term biochar application on soil improvement and fungal community structure in acidified tea gardens is still unclear. Five years after biochar application, the changes of soil properties and fungi community structure in tea gardens with different biochar applications (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 t·hm^-2) were studied. The results show that after applying biochar for 5 years, the pH value of soil increased by 0.16 to 1.11 units, the soluble organic carbon content increased by 52.6% to 92.3%, and the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soils with 10 t·hm^-2 biochar application were the highest. The changes of soil properties further affected the fungi community structure. The Chao index, ACE index and Shannon index of the fungi community firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of biochar amount. The effect of biochar application on the secondary fungi (LDA value<3.50) was higher than that on dominant fungi (LDA value>3.50). In addition, the relative abundance of Mortierella, Trichoderma and Chaetomium increased after the application of biochar, but the relative abundance of Melanconiella decreased.