贵州山区生态茶园不同凋落物木质素、纤维素分解特征

采用凋落物分解袋法,以贵州久安生态茶园内云南樟（Cinnamomum glanduliferum）、光皮桦（Betula luminifera）、杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）和马尾松（Pinus massoniana）叶凋落物以及茶树（Camellia sinensis）修剪物为研究对象,分析5种单一凋落物类型,以及9种混合凋落物类型（茶树-云南樟、茶树-马尾松、茶树-杉木、茶树-光皮桦、杉木-光皮桦、云南樟-光皮桦、云南樟-马尾松、云南樟-杉木、光皮桦-马尾松）分解速率和木质素、纤维素释放特征及差异性。结果表明,单一凋落物类型中,阔叶树种凋落物分解速率大于针叶树种;阔叶树种凋落物木质素含量总体上呈现增加趋势,而针叶树种总体上则呈现下降趋势;凋落物纤维素含量总体上呈现下降趋势。单一凋落物纤维素释放规律与混合凋落物纤维素释放一致,均为直接释放;单一凋落物木质素释放存在3种规律;混合凋落物木质素释放规律有5种。分析9种混合凋落物分解特征,44.4%的混合凋落物混合分解表现为加和效应,11.2%的混合分解表现为拮抗效应,44.4%的混合分解表现为协同效应;22.2%的混合凋落物木质素的释放表现为促进释放,55.6%的混合凋落物木质素释放表现为促进富集;22.2%的混合凋落物纤维素释放表现为促进释放;11.1%的混合凋落物纤维素释放表现为促进富集。研究结果可为维持茶园肥力提供理论依据。

Decomposition Characteristics of Lignin and Cellulose in Different Litters of Ecological Tea Gardens inMountainous Areas of Guizhou

The litter decomposition bag method was used to analyze the decomposition of five single litter types and nine mixed litter types in Guizhou Jiu'an Ecological Tea Garden with Cinnamomum glanduliferum, Betula luminifera, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana leaf litters and Camellia sinensis trims as the research objects. The decomposition rate and release characteristics and differences of lignin and cellulose were studied. The results show that in a single type of litter, the litter decomposition rate of broad-leaved species was higher than that of coniferous species. The lignin content of litter of broad-leaved species showed an increasing trend. While that of coniferous species showed a downward trend as a whole. The content of cellulose in litter also showed a decreasing trend. According to the analysis of the release law of lignin and cellulose, both single litter release law and mixed litter cellulose release law were direct release. There were three release laws for single litter lignin, and 5 laws for mixed litter lignin. According to the analysis of the decomposition characteristics of 9 kinds of mixed litter, 44.4% of mixed litter decomposition showed additive effect, 11.2% mixed decomposition showed antagonistic effect, and 44.4% mixed decomposition showed synergistic effect. While 22.2% of mixed litter lignin release showed promoting release, and 55.6% mixed litter lignin release promoted the enrichment. A total of 11.1% of the mixed litter cellulose appeared to promote the enrichment, and 22.2% of the mixed litter cellulose was to promote the release. This study provided a theoretical basis for further maintaining the fertility in tea gardens.