云南普洱茶特征成分的功能与毒理学评价

研究了普洱茶特征成分茶褐素、茶多糖与蛋白质等的复合体对昆明种小白鼠的抗疲劳、降胆固醇以及毒理学效应。实验结果显示：普洱茶特征成分提取物能显著提高小白鼠的抗疲劳作用和降低小鼠血液中的胆固醇含量,且优于普洱茶水提物。普洱茶特征成分提取物经口LD₅₀>10βg/kg,属实际无毒级物质。Ames实验中加S₉混合液和不加S₉混合液的各剂量组回变菌落数与阴性对照差别无统计学意义,且无剂量反应关系。小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验与阴性对照组比较差别无统计学意义。普洱茶特征成分提取物在500~5β000βμg/ml浓度范围内未见诱发CHL细胞染色体畸变率增高。这说明,在实验条件下,普洱茶特征成分提取物属实际无毒级,也未见有致突变作用。

Evaluation on the Function and Toxicity of Extraction of Characteristic Components in Yunnan pu-erh Tea

The anti-fatigue, reduced cholesterol function, acute toxicity and the mutagenicity of extraction of characteristic components in Yunnan pu-erh tea were studied using mouse as experimental animals. It had significant function of anti-fatigue and reduced cholesterol for mouse, its effects was better than that of water extracts of pu-erh tea. The oral acute toxicity in mouse,Ames test,micronucleus test in bone narrow and chromosome abnormality test of characteristic components extraction in Yunnan pu-erh tea were also carried out.The oral LD50 value of this extraction in mouse was more than 10.0g/kg.The number of relevant strain colonies had no remarkable increase in the Ames test with and without S9 mixture, and the relationship of dose-response was also not found. The micronucleus rates and chromosome abnormality rates at all range of doses had no significant difference compared with the control group. At the dose of 500～5000μg/ ml, the characteristic components extraction could not cause the increase of mutagenic rate of CHL (Chinese Hamster Lung Fibroblast, CHL) cells. It suggested that the extraction of characteristic components in Yunnan pu-erh tea has no mutagenicity for mouse.