Agronomic performance of late-season rice under different tillage,straw, and nitrogen management |
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| Authors: | Youzun Xu Lixiao Nie Roland J Buresh Jianliang Huang Kehui Cui Bo Xu Weihua Gong Shaobing Peng |
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| Institution: | 1. Crop Physiology and Production Center, MOA Key Laboratory of Huazhong Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;2. Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines;3. Agricultural Bureau, Xiaonan County, Hubei 432100, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;4. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China;2. School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River / College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China;2. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, PR China;1. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, Punjab, India;2. Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), Ladhowal, Ludhiana, Punjab, India;3. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines;4. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India;5. Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga 2678, NSW, Australia 12;1. China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China;2. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;1. College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;2. College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;3. Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Yanjiang District of Jiangsu Province, Rugao 226500, PR China |
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| Abstract: | In double rice-cropping system in China, zero tillage in late-season rice with straw return from early season rice is an emerging technology for saving inputs, shortening the lag time between rice crops, avoiding straw burning, and conserving natural resources. The objective of this 2-year field study was to determine the effects of tillage and straw return on N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency of late-season rice. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with four combinations of tillage and straw return as main plots and three N management practices as subplots. Tillage was either conventional soil puddling or zero tillage with newly harvested crop residue from early season rice either removed or placed on the soil surface without incorporation. The N treatments were zero-N control, site-specific N management (SSNM), and farmers’ N-fertilizer practice (FFP). Straw return regardless of tillage or N management did not reduce rice yield. In the second year, straw return significantly increased grain yield in the zero-N control. Chlorophyll meter readings at heading and total N uptake at maturity were higher with straw return in the zero-N control, suggesting that straw provides nutrients to rice in the late growing period. Zero tillage did not reduce N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency compared with conventional tillage. Despite large differences in timing and rate of N application between FFP and SSNM, these two N treatments resulted in comparable N uptake and grain yield of late-season rice regardless of tillage and straw return. These results suggest that zero tillage after early rice with straw return could replace conventional tillage for late rice in the double rice-cropping system in China. |
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