甘蔗间作花生对不同耕层土壤微生态的影响

甘蔗间作花生是我国华南地区特有的高效种植模式。本文研究了甘蔗/花生间作不同耕层土壤养分、酶、微生物的变化特征及其相关性。结果表明，相比单作而言，0～20 cm间作花生土壤有效氮、有机质、微生物量氮含量、真菌、放线菌数量、蛋白酶活性及间作甘蔗土壤细菌、放线菌、总微生物数量、微生物量氮含量及蛋白酶活性均显著增加；20～40 cm间作甘蔗土壤全磷、全钾、蛋白酶活性及间作花生土壤放线菌、蛋白酶活性显著增加；40~ 60 cm间作花生土壤真菌、蔗糖酶、微生物量碳含量显著增加；相反，间作甘蔗土壤蔗糖酶活性均显著低于单作甘蔗处理；间作土壤有效氮磷钾、有机质含量、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性、微生物数量均随着土壤深度的增加而表现出降低的趋势；间作土壤有效养分与脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、微生物量氮及微生物数量呈显著或极显著正相关。表明甘蔗花生间作条件下土壤养分、酶、微生物相互作用，共同维持良好的土壤微生态环境。

Effects of sugarcane/peanut intercropping on soil microenvironment in different plough layer

Sugarcane/peanut intercropping is a high efficient planting pattern in southern China. This paper in?vestigated the effects of sugarcane/peanut intercropping on the variation and relevance of soil nutrients，enzymes and microbes. The results showed that intercropping, compared with monoculture, significantly boosted the quantity of available N，organic matter，microbial biomass N，fungi，actinomycetes and protease activity in 0-20 cm inter? cropping peanut soil as well as the number of soil bacteria, actinomycetes, total microbial, microbial biomass N and protease activity in 0-20 cm intercropping sugarcane soil. Total phosphorus, total potassium and protease activity significantly increased in 20-40 cm intercropping sugarcane soil and actinomyces and protease activity significantly increased in 20-40 cm intercropping peanut soil. Soil fungi, sucrase and microbial biomass C content increased sig? nificantly in 40-60 cm intercropping peanut soil. Sucrose activity significantly declined in intercropping sugarcane soil. Available N, P and K, organic matter content, the activity of urease and acid phosphatase and microbe quantity tended to decrease along with the increase of intercropping soil depth. There was a significant or extremely signifi? cant positive correlation between available nutrients and urease, acid phosphatase, microbial biomass N and mi? crobe quantity, indicating that soil nutrients, enzymes and microbes interact to maintain a good intercropping soil microenvironment.