花生主要品种出仁率和百果重的生态稳定性分析

为了筛选高产稳产广适性的花生品种,连续2年对60份花生品种4个生态区种植的出仁率和百果重进行了考察分析。结果表明,不同品种间出仁率(SP)和百果重(HPW)以及不同年份不同地点间差异均极显著,不同环境中出仁率稳定性高的品种,其百果重相对较小。进一步分析表明,不同环境下花生百果重与出仁率之间均存在极显著负相关关系。通过2年4点共8个环境的重复鉴定,筛选得到出仁率稳定性较强且百果重相对较大的品种5份,分别是中花5号、中花16号、豫花7号、中花10号和皖花8号。结合SSR多样性分析结果,这5份稳定性强且高产的花生品种属于不同的类群,遗传差异相对较大。该结果为花生高产品种的应用提供了材料基础和理论依据。

Ecological stability of shelling percentage and hundred pod weight in main peanut cultivars

To select peanut cultivars with high and stable yields as well as broad adaptability, shelling percentage (SP) and hundred pod weights (HPW) were evaluated using 60 peanut cultivars grown in four ecological areas for two consecutive years. Results showed that there were highly significant differences in shell percentages and hundred pod weights among different cultivars, years and areas. In different environments, cultivars with high and stable shelling percentage had relatively low hundred pod weights. Further analysis indicated that there were highly significant negative correlations between hundred pod weights and shelling percentages in all tested ecological locations tested. A total of five elite peanut cultivars （Zhonghua 5, Zhonghua 16, Yuhua 7, Zhonghua 10 and Wanhua 8）were selected with high and stable shelling percentages and high pod weights through the evaluation of four areas for two years. Combined with the results of SSR diversity, the five peanut cultivars belong to different groups, showing considerable large genetic variations. These results of the present study are useful for high-yield peanut cultivars improvement.