大豆种质资源共生固氮特性评价及遗传初步研究

以我国２２个省５９０份主要栽培大豆品种为材料，评价春、夏、秋大豆遗传资源结瘤固氮性状，并配制杂交组合进行初步遗传分析，结果显示，１）春夏秋大豆类型间、品种间结瘤固氮性状差异极显著。同类型不同产区的大豆品种共生固氮性状差异显著，以长江流域及其以南产区，尤以湖北、江苏省品种最佳。２）与共生固氮性状密切相关的１０项参数变异范围以夏大豆最大，并鉴定出单株结瘤数达２３８．８个，根瘤重达０．５９ｇ、固氮量达１

Evaluation and preliminary genetical study of Chinese soybean germplasm for symbiotic characters

accessions of spring, summer and autumn soybean germplasms from 22 provinces in China were evaluated for nodulation and N 2 foxation, and the prepared mating combination were genetically analyzed. The results showed 1) Significant differences of the symbiotic characters occurred in both soybean types and cultivars from the same type, and significant differences of the characters also existed among cultivars from different regions, the best cultivars were those from the south of China, especially Hubei and Jiangsu province. 2) The characters variations of summer soybeans in ten parameters related to the symbiotic characters were more than that of spring or autumn soybeans, and the desired cultivars were obtained with 238.8 nodules, 0.59g nodule weight, 147.05mg N fixed per plant as well as 85% fixation, tolerance to NO - 3 and strong compatibility with rhizobia. 3) There were significant differences in compatibility of different strains in symbiosis with different soybean types, the B.japonicum strain 113 2 in compatibility with spring ,summer and autumn soybeans was better than R.fredii H432, some highly compatible strain 113 2 soybean cultivar combinations were noted. 4) Genetic analysis for cross progenies indicated that the imcompatibility of soybean cultivar and rhizobial strain was controlled by the dominant allele of the host.