黑龙江不同积温带水稻品种对不同时段低温冷害的适应性研究

以覆盖黑龙江省三个积温带的123个水稻品种(品系)为试材,将6月30日-7月29日每10天为1段分3个时段对水稻进行低温处理,以研究冷害发生规律。结果发现,水稻在6月30日-7月19日受低温易发生延迟型冷害,7月10日-7月19日受低温易发生障碍型冷害,证实了低温对水稻冷害的时段效应;第一积温带水稻在7月10日-7月19日受低温易发生延迟型冷害,第一积温带水稻在6月30日-7月9日受低温易发生障碍型冷害,第二、三积温带水稻在6月30日-7月19日受低温易发生延迟型冷害,第二、三积温带水稻在7月10日-7月19日受低温易发生障碍型冷害,体现了水稻应对低温的生态区效应。这对黑龙江省抗寒水稻品种的选育以及抗寒措施的提出具有指导意义。

The Adaptability of Chilling Injury in Low Temperature at Different Times of Rice Varieties in Different Accumulated Temperature Zones in Heilongjiang

The occurrence of chilling injury of rice were analyzed in this study, which based on ten days of three periods divided from June 30 to July 29, using 123 rice varieties from three accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang Province as materials. The re-sults showed that rice prone to delay chilling injury during June 30 to July 19, and prone to sterile-type cold injury during July 10 to July 19, which confirm the time effect of low temperature chilling injury of rice. Further analysis showed that rice prone to delayed chilling injury during July 10 to July 19 in the first accumulated temperature zone, while happened during June 30 to July 19 in the second and third accumulated temperature zones. Rice prone to sterile-type cold injury during July 10 to July 19 in the second and third accumulated temperature zones, and it happened during June 30 to July 19 in the first accumulated temperature zone, which em-bodies the ecological effect of rice response to low temperature. It could provide some reference to breeding cold resistance rice vari-eties in Heilongjiang Province.