栽培模式对稻米品质特性的影响

以超级稻组合88S/1128和常规优质稻品种湘晚籼17号为材料,探讨了不同栽培模式(旱作覆膜、水作覆膜、旱作不覆膜、常规栽培等)对稻米品质的影响。结果表明,2个品种一致表现为旱作覆膜栽培的糙米率、精米率最高,水作覆膜栽培的整精米率最高;同一品种不同栽培模式的粒长和长宽比无显著差异,但覆膜栽培的垩白粒率、垩白大小更高。88S/1128旱作覆膜与常规栽培相比,直链淀粉含量降低、胶稠度变小、糊化温度升高;而湘晚籼17号旱作覆膜与常规栽培相比,直链淀粉含量降低、胶稠度变大、糊化温度降低。2个品种蛋白质含量表现一致,均为旱作不覆膜常规栽培旱作覆膜水作覆膜。稻米品质性状变异度最大的为外观品质,其次为蒸煮食味品质,碾米品质变异度相对较小。

Effects on Rice Quality of Different Cultivation Modes

A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of different cultivation modes on rice quality. The results showed that the brown rice rate and milled rice rate were highest under dry film mulching cultivation, the head rice rate was highest under wa-ter film mulching cultivation. There was no significant difference in grain length and length/width ratio of the same variety in different cultivation modes, but the film mulching cultivation had a higher rate of chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree. Compared with CK, 88S/1128 under dry film mulching cultivation has lower amylase content and gel consistency, but higher pasting temperature; Xiang-wanxian17 under dry film mulching cultivation has lower amylose content, higher gel consistency and lower pasting temperature. The protein content of two varieties showed dry and no film mulching cultivation>conventional cultivation>dry film mulching cultivation> water film mulching cultivation. The variation degree of rice quality traits showed appearance quality traits > cooking and eating quality traits>milling quality traits.