广西香稻育种现状及发展策略

对21世纪以来广西香稻品种的审定情况及广西自育香稻品种的产量、品质以及抗性等进行统计分析,探明了广西香稻的育种现状及存在问题,如广西通过审定的香稻品种中自育品种较少,且多为常规稻品种;自育香稻品种的优质达标率较低,主要原因是直链淀粉含量偏低;自育香稻品种株高适中,多为大粒型品种,后期育成品种产量有所提高,主要通过育成大穗型品种来实现;自育香稻品种稻瘟病抗性整体较差,白叶枯病前期抗性表现较好、后期出现退步等。今后应加强香稻品种的选育力度,特别是杂交香稻品种的选育力度;加快香稻品种鉴定技术的研究和利用,为香稻品种的审定提供技术支撑;加强中等偏低直链淀粉含量香稻品种的选育,以市场需求为导向,制定广西优质稻米相关地方标准,特别注重直链淀粉含量标准的调整;把提高稻瘟病抗性作为香稻品种选育过程中的重点工作内容等。

Breeding Status and Development Strategy of Fragrant Rice in Guangxi Province

In order to find the present situation and existing problems of fragrant rice breeding in Guangxi Province, the yield, quality and resistance of the fragrant rice varieties which were bred in Guangxi Province since 2000 to 2016 were analyzed. The result showed that there were small number of fragrant rice varieties bred by Guangxi Province, and these varieties were almost conventional vari-eties. The high quality rate of fragrant rice varieties was low in Guangxi Province, mainly because of the low amylose content. The yields of lately bred rice were higher than early ones, which were mainly through the breeding of large panicle varieties. Most of these fragrant rice varieties had poor resistance to rice blast, the bacterial blight resistance of early rice were stronger than lately rice. From now on, we should strengthen the breeding ability of fragrant rice varieties, especially the breeding ability of hybrid rice varieties, and coordinate the quality indexes of rice varieties;accelerate the research and utilization of identification technology of fragrant rice vari-eties; strengthen the selection and breeding of fragrant rice varieties with medium-low amylose content, establish the local standards related to high quality rice especially for the amylose content according to market demand in Guangxi Province;improve the resistance to rice blast and so on.