韩国稻作技术创新与转型

随着社会经济的发展及农业劳动力的转移,韩国水稻种植方式发生了转型。从上世纪70年代末期开始,韩国水稻机插秧比例快速上升,手插秧比例下降,到90年代基本实现了水稻种植的机械化;省工节本的直播稻产量受不确定因素影响较大,且稻米品质不如机插秧和手插秧,其种植面积出现了波动,现只占韩国水稻种植面积的4%左右。本文介绍了韩国水稻机插秧、湿润直播和旱直播技术的作业流程。

Innovation and Transformation of Rice Production Technology in South Korea

The planting ways of rice in South Korean happened transformation in recent decades, with the development of social econ-omy and the transfer of agricultural labor force. Since the late of 1970s, the area by hand-transplanting rice decreased and the area by machine-transplanted rice increased. Up to 1990s, machine-transplanted rice was popularized. Because of the yield of cultivation by direct seeding are greatly influenced by uncertain factors, and quality worse than machine- transplanted rice and hand-transplanted rice, its planting area happened wave, and occupied about 4.0% of the rice area of South Korea. This paper introduced the operation procedure of machine-transplanting, wet direct seeding and dry direct seeding by machine.