基施有机肥对马铃薯原原种生产及二次结薯的影响

以早熟马铃薯‘早大白’为供试品种,在防虫温室内进行了有机肥对脱毒马铃薯试管苗生长及二次结薯影响的试验,旨在探索提高微型薯产量及试管苗利用率的途径。试管苗移栽70 d后收获微型薯并尽量保护好根系,继续使其结薯,进行多次收获。结果表明:多次收获微型薯的产量远高于一次性收获的微型薯产量,因此二次结薯可大大提高试管苗的生产效率。全部追施处理二次结薯单株结薯2.3粒,而基施有机肥33 kg/667 m2条件下单株结薯3.8粒,因此基施有机肥有利于试管苗的生长。

Effect of Basal Application of Organic Fertilizer on Minituber Production and Yield of Second Harvest

Plantlets in vitro was transplanted into an insect-proof greenhouse to produce minitubers in order to find the method of increasing minituber yield and utilization rate of the plantlets in vitro. The early maturing potato variety ＇Zaodabai＇ was used to investigate the effects of basal application of organic fertilizer on the minituber production and yields of second harvest. The minitubers were harvested 70 d after transplantation and the root was protected for the second harvest in order to solve the problem of high cost of minituber production due to low propagation coefficient. The results indicated that the treatment of basal organic fertilizer increased the tuber per plant and the yield of second harvest was higher than disposable harvest, therefore, increasing the production efficiency. The tuber set per plant was 2.3 in the treatment of total additional fertilizer and was 3.8 when organic fertilizer was applied at a rate of 33 kg/667 m2 as basal fertilizer, so basal organic fertilizer was beneficial to the growth of plantlets in vitro transplanted.