常德市马铃薯测土配方施肥研究

为提高肥料利用率,减少马铃薯生产成本和环境污染,以当地主栽品种‘兴佳2号’为供试材料,在常德市坪湖区开展‘3414’肥料效应试验,建立马铃薯最佳产量和氮磷钾施用量的数学关系模型,并结合产投比计算马铃薯的合理施肥配比。结果表明,在土壤磷钾含量较高的情况下,氮肥对植株生长起决定作用;施氮量与SPAD值、株高显著正相关,与单株块茎重、单薯重极显著正相关;当前地力条件下马铃薯氮磷钾推荐施肥量分别是11.0,4.1和8.0 kg/667m^2,氮磷钾最佳施肥配比为10.370.73。

Study on Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendation of Potato in Changde City

The experiment of fertilizer effect in a'3414'design was carried out in Pinghu District of Changde City,using the local main variety'Xingjia 2'as the experimental material,in order to improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency,reduce the production cost and environmental pollution in potato production.The mathematical model of the optimal yields of potatoes and the application rates of N,P and K was established,and the rational fertilization ratio of potatoes was calculated according to the production-input ratio.Nitrogen fertilizer played a decisive role in plant growth when the contents of phosphorus and potassium in soil were high.Nitrogen application rate was significantly positively correlated to SPAD value and plant height,and high significantly positively correlated to tuber yield per plant and tuber weight.The recommended fertilization rates of N,P and K for potato under current soil fertility conditions are 11.0,4.1 and 8.0 kg/667m^2,respectively,with the optimum fertilization rates of N,P and K being 1:0.37:0.73.