新型腐植酸有机肥对马铃薯茎基腐病的防效

马铃薯茎基腐病是影响马铃薯生产的重要病害,目前尚未有效的综合防控措施。试验的目的是通过新型腐植酸肥料与同等养分配方化肥的田间比较试验,探讨新型腐植酸有机肥对马铃薯茎基腐病预防效果。结果表明,5~15 g壤动FT/100 kg种薯配合腐植酸肥料对马铃薯生长发育安全,在出苗率、苗高、单株根数、最大根长、芽长分别优于配方化肥1.0~2.9个百分点、1.2~4.1 cm、1.1~5.2条、1.2~2.6 cm、0.3~1.1 cm;在单株薯重、平均单薯重、商品薯率、小区产量分别高于配方化肥66.7~394.4 g、4.6~12.1 g、4.3~11.4个百分点、12.23~83.46 kg/30.8m²;对主茎、匍匐茎、块茎基腐防效分别达78.29%~87.24%、75.62%~88.51%、72.05%~86.98%,增产效果达11.60%~79.12%。研究为开展农业技术防治马铃薯茎基腐病提供了新方法,对制定综合防治技术体系具有重要指导意义。

Control Effect of New Humic Acid Organic Fertilizer on Potato Stem Canker

Potato stem canker is an important disease affecting potato production,and effective comprehensive prevention and control measures are not yet available.The purpose of this experiment was to explore the preventive effect of new humic acid fertilizer on potato stem canker through field comparative test between new humic acid fertilizer and chemical fertilizer with the same nutrients.Five-15 g Fruiful tutelar(FT)/100 kg seed potato combined with humic acid fertilizer was safe for potato growth and development.The emergence rate,seedling height,root number per plant,maximum root length and sprout length were 1.0-2.9 percentage points,1.2-4.1 cm,1.1-5.2 number,1.2-2.6 cm and 0.3-1.1 cm higher than those of formula fertilizer,respectively.The yield per plant,tuber weight,marketable tuber percentage and plot yield were 66.7-394.4 g,4.6-12.1 g,4.3-11.4 percentage points and 12.23-83.46 kg/30.8m² higher than those of formula fertilizer,respectively.The control effect on canker of the main stem,stolon and tuber was 78.29%-87.24%,75.62%-88.51%and 72.05%-86.98%,respectively,and the yield increase was 11.60%-79.12%.The research provides a new method for the development of agricultural technology to prevent and control potato stem canker,and has important guiding significance for the establishment of an integrated control technology.