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花生种子大小和形状对出苗和幼苗建成的影响
引用本文:张智猛,慈敦伟,丁红,秦斐斐,杨吉顺,李尚霞,宋文武,戴良香.花生种子大小和形状对出苗和幼苗建成的影响[J].花生学报,2014(1):16-23.
作者姓名:张智猛  慈敦伟  丁红  秦斐斐  杨吉顺  李尚霞  宋文武  戴良香
作者单位:山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100
基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA8B03,2012BAD11B01);山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队岗位专家(花生);青岛市科技支撑计划项目(11-2-3-38-nsh);山东省科技发展计划项目(2013GNC11107)
摘    要:以不同花生品种的饱满种子为试验材料,采用盆栽方法,在幼苗3叶期和6叶期不同幼苗生长阶段研究种子大小(重量)、形状(长、宽、长/宽比)等特性与出苗速率及幼苗生长的关系。结果表明,花生种子大小、形状影响萌发出苗和幼苗生长。①花生种子质量愈大且种形愈长,其出苗后残留于子叶中的物质能量愈多,幼苗地上部鲜重较小;种子质量较小时,其长、宽、厚等性状与幼苗生长无明显相关关系,但种子质量和长/宽比显著影响地上部干物质的积累;适中质量的种子其长、宽、质量和长/宽比均明显促进地上部和根系的生长发育,且其种子长度和质量与残留物间呈显著相关关系。②中等质量的种子对根系生长的影响很小,且适中的长/宽比明显促进种子萌发时物质的运转和幼苗的生长。③较长粒型花生种子其长度与子叶残留物呈极显著正相关,宽度与子叶残留物呈显著负相关,且与地上部生长无显著相关关系;中等长度和较短粒型的种子的质量明显利于幼苗地上部的生长。

关 键 词:花生  种子大小  种子形状  出苗速率  幼苗生长

Effects of Peanut Seed Size and Shape on Seedling Emergence and Establishment
ZHANG Zhi-meng,CI Dun-wei,DING Hong,QIN Fei-fei,YANG Ji-shun,LI Shang-xia,SONG Wen-wu,DAI Liang-xiang.Effects of Peanut Seed Size and Shape on Seedling Emergence and Establishment[J].Journal of Peanut Science,2014(1):16-23.
Authors:ZHANG Zhi-meng  CI Dun-wei  DING Hong  QIN Fei-fei  YANG Ji-shun  LI Shang-xia  SONG Wen-wu  DAI Liang-xiang
Institution:(Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China)
Abstract:The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between seed size or shape and seedling growth using pot cultivation.Results from the 3-leaf stage and 6-leaf stage seedlings showed that seed size and seed shape had influences on seed emergence and seedling establishment.The aboveground fresh biomass of seedlings generated from large seeds with long shape was small with more nutrients accumulated in the two cotyledons.There was no significant relationship between seedling establishment and seed shape when the seeds biomass was small.Seeds with moderate biomass had better aboveground development and root growth.The correlation between the nutrients accumulated in cotyledons and seed shape and biomass was significant.Seeds with moderate biomass had not negative influence on root growth and the moderate ratio of seed length/width improved accumulation and translocation of nutrients and the seedling growth.The length of seeds with long shape had a significant positive correlation with the nutrients content accumulated in cotyledons,but a significant negative correlation was found between seed width and nutrients content accumulated in cotyledons, and no significance was found with aboveground growth.Seeds with moderate length were good to seedling aboveground growth.
Keywords:peanut  seed size  seed shape  generation rate  seedling establishment
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