超级杂交稻的生长发育和产量形成特性研究

选用4个籼型超级杂交稻组合Ⅱ优602、准两优527、协优9308和国稻1号为试验材料,以汕优63为对照,对超级杂交稻的生长发育和产量形成特性进行了研究。结果表明:超级杂交稻具有最高分蘖数低、分蘖成穗率高、有效库容量和齐穗后干物质积累量大、收获指数高等特点;在成都平原生态区,增加有效穗数和每穗实粒数是实现超级杂交稻高产的重要途径;在水稻生长前期积累合理的总生物量,提高生育后期群体质量,增强生育后期光合生产能力和提高茎鞘物质向穗部的运转效率是实现超级杂交稻高产的关键。

Growth and Developmental Characteristics and Yield Formation of Super Hybrid Rice

Four indica super hybrid rice combinations including Xieyou 9308, 11 You 602, Guodao 1 and Zhunlia- ngyou 527, and the check high-yielding hybrid rice Shanyou 63, were grown in field to survey the growth and developmental characteristics during the growth period, and the yield components at maturity. The results showed that a smaller maximal tillering number, a higher ratio of productive tillers to total tillers, a larger effective sink capability and a higher harvest index were the obvious characteristics of super hybrid rice. In the ecological region of Chengdu Plain, increasing effective panicles and filled grains per panicle were two important approaches to increasing the grain yield of super hybrid rice. Accumulating suitable amount of biomass in earlier growth stage, improving the population quality of crop growth, strengthening the photosynthetic ability and increasing the translocation percentage of dry matter in stems and sheaths in late growth stage were very important ways to achieve a super high yield for super hybrid rice.