水稻的再生率及其与产量性状的关系

以30个不同类型的水稻品种(组合)为材料，研究了其再生率表现及其与头季和再生季产量性状的相关性。结果表明，供试材料的再生率表现出较大差异，其中恢复系198和986再生率较高，可作为选配高再生率杂交稻的亲本；杂交组合培两优500、陆18S／288和准两优198再生率较高，可在生产上进一步试种。水稻再生率与再生稻的产量、有效穗数和结实率呈不同程度的正相关，说明通过提高水稻再生率来增加再生稻产量是可行的；水稻再生率与头季稻的结实率呈极显著正相关，故选择高再生率水稻品种(组合)，要求头季稻结实率高；水稻再生力的指标以最终再生率(再生季有效穗数／头季有效穗数)或最高再生率(再生季最高苗数／头季有效穗数)表示更具有实际意义。

Correlation of Ratooning Rate of Rice to Yield Characters

The correlation of ratooning rate to the yield relating characters of main crop and ratoon crop in rice was studied with 30 different types of rice varieties and hybrids. The results showed that there existed a great variation in ratooning rate among the tested verieties or hybrids, of which the restorer lines 198 and 986 and the hybrids Peiliangyou 500, Lu 18S/288 and Zhunliangyou 198 had strong ratooning ability so that they could be used as parents to make strong ratooning ability hybrids or could directly be employed in production, respectively. There was a positive correlation between ratooning rate and the yield, effective panicles and seed set of ratoon rice, indicating that it is feasible to increase yield of ratoon rice by raising ratooning rate. The ratooning rate was very significantly positively correlated to the seed setting rate of main crop rice, so it is required that the main crop rice should have a high seed setting rate in screening rice varieties or hybrids with strong ratooning ability. Furthermore, in respect of the indicator for ratooning ability, it is appropriate and more practicable to use final ratooning rate (the number of effective panicles of ratoon rice/the number of effective panicles of main crop rice) or maximal ratooning rate (the number of maximal seedlings of ratoon rice/the number of effective panicles of main crop rice) as the index of ratooning ability.