苎麻种质资源纤维结晶度变异及其主要品质性状的关联性研究

从国家苎麻种质长沙苎麻圃中选择有代表性的55个苎麻品种为材料．用X射线衍射法测定苎麻精干麻的结晶度。用面积法计算各个品种的结晶度，分析苎麻纤维结晶度及其与主要纤维品质性状的相关性。研究结果如下：苎麻品种问纤维结晶度有显著性差异。55个苎麻品种纤维结晶度平均值变幅在69％-73％之间，变异系数为0．9769％，纤维结晶度最低是川苎二号。其值为69．03％，最高是印尼麻，其值为72．31％。同一品种的不同季别的苎麻纤维结晶度有一定的差异。二麻结晶度最低，与头麻、三麻之间有显著性差异；同一品种苎麻不同收获期、不同部位纤维结晶度有差异。品种中苎一号、圆叶青和NC01在1／3黑杆时期的纤维结晶度与1／3黑杆前的纤维结晶度有显著性差异，1/3黑杆前收获可显著降低结晶度，但是会降低苎麻的产量：1／2黑杆时期后的结晶度值无显著性差异，结晶度值趋于稳定；苎麻纤维结晶度与断裂强力呈极显著负相关。相关系数为-0．39526＊＊（n=55）；苎麻纤维结晶度与纤维细度呈显著正相关，相关系数为O．31363＊（n=55）。

Study on Fiber Crystallinity Variation and Relationship between Fiber Crystallinity and Main Quality Traits on Ramie Germplasm Resource

In this paper, 55 ramie varieties were chosen from the National Field Gene Bank for Ramie（Changsha）. The fiber crystallinity and other fiber quality traits of the 55 selections were determined by using X-Ray diffraction, and the relationship between fiber crystaIlinity and main fiber quality traits was analyzed. The main results were as follows： The fiber crystallinity had significant differences between ramie varieties. The average fiber crystallinity ranged from 69% to 73%, the coefficient of variation was 0.9769%. Chuanzhu 2 had the lowest fiber crystallinity with the value of 69.03%. Yinnima had the highest fiber crystallinity with the value of 72.31%. For the same variety, the fiber crystallinity varied at different harvest seasons, different harvest period and different parts of plant. The second harvesting had the lowest fiber crystallinity, which was significantly different from the first and third harvestings. There was a significant difference between the 1/3 black rod period and the period before 1/3 black rod for Zhongzhu 1, Yuanyeqing and NC01. It could reduce the degree of crystallinity significantly to harvest before 1/3 black rod, but reduce the output of ramie. The fiber crystallinity trended to be stable after 1/2 black rod period. The correlation between fiber crystallinity and fiber breaking strength was extremely negative and the coefficient of variation was 0.39526＊ （n =55）. The correlation between fiber crystallinity and fiber fineness was extremely positive and the coefficient of variation was 0.31363＊（n=55）.