广西主要蕉园土壤肥力调查及评价

通过调查广西南宁、崇左、玉林、钦州、北海等香蕉主产区主要蕉园土壤养分状况,评估其土壤肥力状况,为广西香蕉植区土壤养分管理提供科学依据.结果显示,86.7％蕉园土壤pH低于5.5; 53.4％蕉园土壤有机质含量低于20 mg/kg；66.7％蕉园土壤碱解氮低于100 mg/kg; 53.3％土样有效磷含量低于5.0 mg/kg; 73.7％蕉园土壤速效钾低于100 mg/kg; 80.0％蕉园土壤交换性钙高于250mg/kg; 46.7％蕉园土壤处于镁素缺乏状态(小于50 mg/kg); 53.3％蕉园土壤有效硼在0.50～1.00 mg/kg,但仍有46.7％土壤有效硼含量低于临界值(0.5mg/kg);所有调查土壤有效铁含量均高于土壤临界值(4.5mg/kg),且46.7％处于极丰富状态；53.4％蕉园土壤有效锰低于临界值(10mg/kg)；6.67％蕉园土壤有效铜低于临界值(0.2 mg/kg),80.0％蕉园土壤有效铜含量处于丰富或极丰富水平;所有调查区蕉国土壤有效锌含量均高于1.0 mg/kg,73.3％以上蕉园土壤有效锌达到极高水平.土壤酸性强、有机质含量低、土壤氮磷钾镁硼锰含量低是当前广西蕉园的主要土壤养分问题.

Soil Fertility Investigation and Evaluation for Banana Gardens in Guangxi

The soil nutrient status of banana gardens in Nanning, Chongzuo, Yulin, Qinzhou, Beihai and others were investigated and evaluated to provide a scientific basis for local soil nutrient management. Result showed that soil pH of 13 of 15 investigated banana gardensI was below 5.5; soil organic matter content of 8 gardens was less than 2.0%; soil nitrogen content of 10 gardens was less than 100mg/kg; soil phosphorus content of 8 gardens was less than 5.0 mg/kg; soil available K of 11 gardens was less than 100 mg/kg; soil exchangeable calcium of 12 gardens was more than 250 mg/kg; soil magnesium of 7 gardens was less than 50 mg/kg(in deficiency state); available boron of 8 gardens was between 0.50 and 1.0 mg/kg, while the left below the critical value(0.5 mg/kg); available Fe content for all the investigated gardens was higher than the critical value(4.5 mg/kg), with 7 in rich or very rich state; soil available manganese of 8 gardens was below the critical value(10 mg/kg); soil available copper of 12 gardens was in rich or very rich state, only one gardens below the critical value(0.2 mg/kg); soil effective zinc of all the investigated gardens was higher than 1.0 mg/kg, with 11 very high level. On the whole, lower soil pH and lower content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, boron and manganese are the mainly soil nutrient problems at present in Guangxi banana gardens.