6种草本药用植物种子超低温保存技术研究

以草本药用植物杜若、过江藤、夏枯草、皱果苋、罗勒和山香的成熟种子为材料,探讨了含水量和冷冻方法对种子超低温保存的影响。结果表明,经液氮超低温冷冻后,6种草本药用植物种子发芽率较对照组均有显著差异(p0.05);适宜的含水量下,种子经过超低温冷冻后其发芽率甚至高于对照组。3种冷冻方法中,玻璃化冷冻法更适合过江藤和山香种子的超低温保存,缓慢冷冻法更适合皱果苋、杜若和夏枯草种子的超低温保存,直接冷冻法适合于杜若和罗勒种子的超低温保存。所以,液氮超低温冷冻法保存杜若等6种草本药用植物种子是可行的;含水量对超低温保存前后夏枯草、山香和罗勒种子的发芽率影响显著。

Cryopreservation of 6 Kinds of Medicinal Herbs Seeds

The mature seeds of medicinal herbs Pollia japonica Thunb.,Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene,Prunella vulgaris L.,Amaranthus viridis L.,Ocimum basilicum L.and Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.was used to study the effect of moisture content for their survival,as well as the effect of freezing method for seeds cryopreservation.The results indicated that the seed germination rate of all the six medicinal herbs in cryopreservation had significant difference with the control (p＜0.05).Under suitable water content,the germination rate of the seeds freezed by liquid nitrogen was higher than that of the control group.In the three kinds of freezing methods,the vitrification freezing method was more suitable for P nodiflora Greene and H.suaveolens seeds,and the slow freezing method was fit for A.viridis,P.japonica and P.vulgaris seeds,and the direct freezing method was the right of P.japonica and O.Basiticum seeds.In summary,the liquid nitrogen cryopreservation was feasible for the medicinal plant seeds.And,the moisture content of seeds was the important factor affecting the germination rate of cryopreservation in P.vulggaris,H.suaveolens and O.basilicum seeds.