甘蔗叶不同还田方式对土壤养分的影响

为减轻秸秆焚烧所带来的环境问题和充分利用甘蔗叶资源,在大田环境下动态监测甘蔗叶粉碎、焚烧和深埋3种还田方式对土壤养分的影响。结果表明:甘蔗叶粉碎还田和深埋还田有利于甘蔗叶中有机碳及氮、磷、钾养分的缓慢释放;甘蔗叶焚烧还田提高了土壤碱解氮含量5.6~20.9 mg/kg和速效磷含量0.8~4.0 mg/kg,促进土壤中氮磷向有效态转化,焚烧还田初期显著增加了土壤速效钾的含量12.3~18.3 mg/kg,但焚烧会损失部分甘蔗叶中碳氮元素,也造成环境污染。综合分析认为甘蔗叶粉碎还田是比较省工、方便的处理方式。

Effects of Different Returning Field Methods on Soil Nutrient of Sugarcane Leaf

In order to make full use of the sugarcane leaf resources and mitigate environmental problems brought by the straw burning, effects of three different sugarcane leaf returning field methods on soil nutrient were dynamically monitored. The results showed that it was helpful for the slow releasing of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium with the methods of sugarcane leaf crushing returning and deeply burning to field. The method of sugarcane leaf burning and returning to the field increased the content of soil available potassium in the range of 12.3-18.3 mg/kg at the early state, improved the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorous in the range of 5.6-20.9 mg/kg and 0.8-4.0 mg/kg, respectively, and promoted the transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil to the effective state. However, sugarcane leaf burning and returning to the field caused the loss of carbon and nitrogen elements of sugarcane leaf and brought pollution to the environment. Comprehensive analysis showed that the leaf crushing and returning to field was the most labor saving and convenient method.