2000～2014年闽东海岸带土地利用动态变化

海岸带地区因其特殊的海陆生态系统环境而成为土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)研究的热点区域.本文以位于海峡西岸经济区东北翼的闽东海岸带作为研究对象,利用2000、2009和2014年3期Landsat TM/OLI影像作为数据源,对该区2000～2014年的土地利用动态变化特征进行分析.结果表明:研究区土地利用类型以林草地和耕地为主,其中林草地面积迅速扩增,研究期间共增加了1 047.24 km2,相比之下,耕地面积显著减少,近14a间共减少了959.45 km2;在人类活动影响下,水产养殖的动态变化最为剧烈,稳定性最差,而由于政府加强对建筑用地的集约利用,使其成为近14 a研究区最为稳定的土地利用类型,面积基本保持不变;闽东海岸带土地利用的集约化程度远超全国平均水平,土地利用程度综合指数达255.19,但2000～2009年间,研究区土地利用仍处于调整期,2009～2014年,随着经济的快速发展及前期的调整,土地利用效率有所提高,其变化量和变化率分别为4.86和0.019,土地利用步入发展期.本研究对闽东及其他地区的土地集约化利用及生态环境可持续具有指导意义.

Dynamic Changes of Land Use in Coastal Zone of Eastern Fujian from 2000 to 2014

The coastal zone is a research hotspot of land use/cover change (LUCC) study because of its special land-ocean ecosystem environment.Research on land use dynamics in coastal zones is of great significance to environmental protection and regional sustainable development.In this paper,dynamic changes of land use in the coastal zone of eastern Fujian from 2000 to 2014 were analyzed quantitatively and calculated based on GIS and three series of Landsat TM/OLI images.Results showed that:farmland,forest and grass land were prevalent during the study period,and the area of forest and grass land increased dramatically,with a total of 1 047.24 km2,in contrast,farmland's area decreased more rapidly over the recent 14 years,with a total of 959.45 km2.Under the influence of human activity,the dynamic changes of aquaculture were very significant;the area of construction land remained the least changes in the past 14 years owing to strengthening the land intensive use by government.The intensification intensity of land use in the study area was far greater than the national average,and the comprehensive index of land use degree was 255.19,but it was still in the adjustment stage during the period 2000～2009;along with the development of economic and the prior-period adjustment,land use efficiency wasimproved and into the development stage in the period 2009～2014.The conclusion presents important references for intensive land utilization and sustainable development of ecological environment in eastern Fujian and other areas.