香露兜不同叶位挥发性成分差异性分析

以香露兜（Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.）不同叶位叶片组织为材料,采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对其挥发性成分进行鉴定,揭示不同叶位挥发性成分组成变化规律。结果表明：香露兜8个不同叶位叶片挥发性成分由呋喃酮类、吡咯类、呋喃类等10类21种物质组成,3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、新植二烯、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、叶绿醇、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、2,4-二叔丁基酚、羟基丙酮、棕榈酸乙酯和亚油酸乙酯9种共有物质的含量均存在极显著差异（P<0.001）。其中,特征挥发性物质2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉平均含量为(94.00±36.66)μg/g,倒5叶位含量最高(122.99±3.48)μg/g,倒1至倒8叶位整体呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。主成分分析结果表明,倒1叶位主要挥发性成分为3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、棕榈酸乙酯和甲酸庚酯,倒2、3和4叶位主要挥发性成分为叶绿醇、2-丁基-1-辛醇、3-甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、新植二烯、角鲨烯、棕榈酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯和2,4-二叔丁基酚,倒5叶位主要挥发性成分为2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃和角鲨烯;倒6、7、8叶位主要挥发性成分为角鲨烯、新植二烯、2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉和羟基丙酮。香露兜不同叶位挥发性物质组成及含量存在一定差异,将为其标准化采收提供理论依据。

Comparative Analysis of the Volatile Components in Different Leaf Position of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.

The difference of volatile components in different leaf position of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. was identified by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method in order to understand the changes of volatile components in different leaf positions. The results showed that 21 components were detected in eight different leaf positions, which belonged to 10 chemical groups, such as furanones, pyrroles, furans, etc. The eight different leaf positions shared nine volatile components, and showed significant difference in the contents, such as 3-methyl-2(5H)- furanone, neophytadiene, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, phytol, coumaran, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, acetol, ethyl palmitate and ethyl linoleate (P<0.001). The content of the main component 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was (94.00±36.66)μg/g, which increased at first and then decreased from the 1st to 8th leaf position, and the highest content at the 5th leaf position (122.99±3.48)μg/g. Principal component analysis showed that the 1st leaf position was characterized by high contents of 3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, ethyl palmitate and heptyl methanote. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th leaf position exhibited high content of phytol, 2-butyloctanol, 3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, coumaran, neophytadiene, squalene, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate, and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. The 5th leaf position has exhibited high contents of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, coumaran and squalene. The 6th, 7th and 8th leaf position were mainly composed of squalene, neophytadiene, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and acetol. The difference of the composition and content of volatiles in different leaf position of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., which would provide a basis for harvesting quality.