一种橡胶小蠹虫自制粘捕装置的研制及其田间诱捕参数筛选

橡胶小蠹虫为害重,防治困难。为了探索更加高效的田间防治方法,本研究通过将“牛皮纸+粘虫胶+诱集剂”组配,研究集成了一种橡胶小蠹虫粘捕装置,对其诱捕参数（粘捕装置材质、诱集剂药袋悬挂数量、药液暴露面积以及粘捕装置的间距、悬挂高度）进行了筛选,并与常规诱捕器在重量、成本和诱捕效果方面进行比较。结果表明,在月桂烯、2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇、S-(-)-柠檬烯、莰烯、顺式-马鞭草烯醇5种诱集剂的诱集下,自制粘捕带对橡胶小蠹虫的粘捕总数分别为：554、445、341、381、367头;普通粘虫带对橡胶小蠹虫的粘捕总数分别为：260、230、179、202、199头。其中月桂烯、2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇、S-(-)-柠檬烯,自制粘捕带的粘捕数量均显著高于普通粘虫带,表现出较好的粘捕效果。采用挂袋法的最佳药袋数为2袋,诱集剂的最佳药液暴露面积为6.6 mm²,粘捕装置的最佳相互间距为50 m,最佳悬挂高度建议在2.5 m。自制粘捕装置在重量、成本以及诱集数量上均优于常规诱捕器,对橡胶小蠹虫防控具有高效成本低、环保可降解、简单易操作等特点。

Development of a Homemade Sticky-capture Device for Rubber Bark Beetles and Screening of Field Trapping Parameters

Rubber bark beetles are serious and difficult to control. In order to explore more effective field prevention and control methods, this study used a combination of “kraft paper+sticky insect glue+attractant” to design a sticky-capture device of rubber bark beetles. The trapping parameters including material of sticky-capture device, number of attractant pouch hanging, exposed areas of liquid medicine, and mutual spacing and suspension height of sticky-capture device were optimazed. Under the trapping of myrcene, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, S-(-)-limonene, camphene and (S)-cis-verbenol, the total number of sticky-captures of the homemade sticky-capture tape against the rubber bark beetles was 554, 445, 341, 381 and 367. The total number of sticky-captures of the common sticky insect tape against rubber barks beetles was 260, 230, 179, 202 and 199. For myrcene, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, and S-(-)-limonene, the total number of sticky-captures of the homemade sticky-capture tape was significantly higher than that of common sticky insect tape, showing better sticky-capture effect. The optimal number of bags when using the hanging bag method was two. The best exposure areas of liquid medicine was 6.6 mm ², the best mutual spacing of the sticky-capture device was 50 m, and the best suspension hight was 2.5 m. The homemade sticky-capture device is superior to conventional trap device in weight, cost, and the number that can be trapped. For the prevention and control of rubber bark beetles, it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, environmentally friendly and degradable, simple and easy to operate.