山蚂蝗属(Desmodium Desv.)种质资源形态多样性研究

对37份山蚂蝗材料的植物学特征、外部性状的变异及其规律进行观测统计及聚类分析。通过数据统计和相关性分析,结果表明:(1)山蚂蝗的植物学特征存在广泛变异,其变异系数为85%(叶柄长)~9%(叶色),平均为45%;(2)山蚂蝗植物学各性状指标间存在不同程度的相关性,其中叶片类型、叶尖、花冠颜色、茎的生长习性、旗瓣大小、荚果长、荚果宽、单荚粒数之间存显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)正相关,叶长与叶宽正相关系数最大(0.892);叶片类型与叶长、叶宽、花序轴长度成极显著负相关,系数分别为-0.611、-0.462、-0.485。通过聚类分析,在欧氏距离8.0处,可将37份供试山蚂蝗材料划分为6类,其中度尼山蚂蝗CIAT46562和灰色山蚂蝗CPI46561单独聚为一类,为直立或斜升、羽状三出复叶型。

Morphological Diversity of Desmodium Desv.

Sixteen important morphological characteristics of 37 Desmodium Desv. accessions were studied. The results indicated that abundant morphological variation existed among the populations of D. Desv. The coefficients of variation were in the range of 9% to 85%, with the average of 45%. The morphological characteristics of D. Desv. had different degree of correlation coefficient, and leaf type, blade tip, corolla color, stem growth habit, and the flag size, pod fruit length, pod fruit width, grains per pod had significant(p<0.05)or extremely significant(p<0.01)positive correlation, and the correlation coefficient between length and width of leaf was the largest(0.892). In addition, the correlation coefficients between leaf type and leat length, leaf width and inflorescence length were negative, which was -0.611, -0.462, -0.485. Based on 16 morphological characteristics, these accessions were clustered into six groups. CIAT4656(D. dunniinicaraguense)and CPI46561(D. incanum)were a group, they were all erect or inclined and ternate pinnate leaf type.