配方施肥改善米老排容器苗生长指标

为筛选米老排容器苗最佳施肥组合,采用L₁₆ (4 ⁵)正交试验设计和等量施肥法,研究N、P和K肥3因素对米老排容器苗苗高、地径、生物量以及养分利用的影响。研究结果表明：不同施肥组合处理对米老排容器苗苗高、地径、总生物量等指标均有着显著影响,配方施肥对米老排容器苗的生长发育具有明显促进作用;3种肥料对米老排容器苗苗高生长的影响效应均是N>P>K,其施肥最优组合是N₁P₃K₂（每株施N、P和K分别为50、50、60 mg）,对地径生长和生物量积累影响效应均为N>K>P,施肥最优组合分别是N₁P₄K₂（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、60 mg）和N₁P₄K₁（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、45 mg）;合理的配方施肥能有效提高米老排苗木的养分利用效率。综合苗木各指标看,米老排容器苗最优施肥配方是：N₁P₄K₁（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、45 mg）。

Growth Traits of Mytilaria laosensis Container Seedlings Improved by Formula Fertilization

In order to screen out the optimal fertilizer combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for Mytilaria laosensis container seedling, an orthogonal experiment design with five factors and four levels was established on height, ground diameter, biomass and nutrient utilization. Different fertilizer combination had significant effects on the height, ground diameter, total biomass of container seedlings, indicating the promoting effects of fertilization formula on the growth of container seedlings. The effects of N, P, K on the height of container seedlings were N>P>K with the optimal combination of N₁P₃K₂ (50 mg N+50 mg P+60 mg K per plant) while the effects of those on the ground diameter growth and biomass accumulation were N>K>P, and the best combination for the ground diameter growth and biomass accumulation was N₁P₄K₂ (50 mg N+60 mg P+60 mg K per plant) and N₁P₄K₁ (50 mg N+60 mg P+45 mg K per plant) correspondingly. Rational formula fertilization effectively improved the efficiency of nutrient exploitation of the seedlings. Conclusively, the optimal fertilizer formula for the seedlings growth of M. laosensis was N₁P₄K₁ (50 mg N+60 mg P+45 mg K per plant) based on the comprehensive growth indices.