西瓜品种‘黑皮’对瓜蚜的抗性遗传分析

采用单株蚜量比值法室内鉴定与RAPD、SCAR标记相结合的方法,系统开展了西瓜品种‘黑皮’对瓜蚜的抗性遗传分析。结果表明,以‘黑皮’和‘花绿’为亲本的杂交F₁代对瓜蚜表现为抗性,自交F₂代植株表型出现抗感性分离,抗蚜与感蚜植株分离比经χ²测验符合3∶1分离规律,并用筛选获得的RAPD标记WO4₆₀₀和SCAR标记WO4-S₅₃₀验证了4个抗蚜品种、4个感蚜品种和10个F₂抗蚜单株、10个F₂感蚜植株。结果以‘黑皮’为亲本的西瓜抗蚜性由单显性核基因控制且能稳定遗传,‘黑皮’‘绿美人’‘黑美人’和‘惠兰’品种对瓜蚜具有良好抗性,‘花绿’‘凤光’‘蕙宝’和‘甜美人’品种则易感蚜虫。

Genetic Analysis of Resistance of Watermelon Cultivars ‘Heipi’ to Aphis gossypii

To get stable resistant watermelon cultivars, the genetic analysis of the resistance of watermelon cultivar ‘Heipi’ to Aphis gossypii was proceeded by the ratio of aphid number at seedling in a greenhouse added with RAPD and SCAR. The reciprocal-hybrid F₁ of ‘Heipi’ and ‘Hualv’ was resistant while the resistant and susceptible plants in F₂ hybrid fitted the separation ratio of 3:1 by χ ²test. Four resistant cultivars, four susceptible cultivars, ten resistant F₂ single plants and ten susceptible F₂ single plants were verified with screened RAPD WO4₆₀₀ and SCAR WO4-S₅₃₀. The results indicated that the resistance of the parent ‘Heipi’ to A. gossypii was controlled by a dominant single gene which was stably inherited, ‘Heipi’, ‘Lvmeiren’, ‘Heimeiren’ and ‘Huilan’ were aphid-resistant cultivars, ‘Hualv’, ‘Fengguang’, ‘Huibao’ and ‘Tianmeiren’ were aphid-susceptible cultivars.