基于主要表型性状的不同采集地斑茅种质资源遗传多样性分析

为提高斑茅种质资源利用效率,本研究对来自不同地区的76份斑茅种质资源的株高、茎径、节间长、叶长、叶宽、锤度6个表型性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,来自不同地区的斑茅,6个表型性状平均变异系数在14.6%~53.4%之间,其中株高和节间长的变异系数相对较高,分别为53.4%和37.7%;锤度和叶长的变异系数相对较低,分别为19.1%和14.6%。株高、茎径、叶宽、叶长、节间长之间表现为极显著正相关,其中株高与节间长的相关系数最大,为0.818;锤度与株高、节间长呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.232和-0.263。主成分分析表明,前2个主成分方差累计贡献率高达72.58%,其中第1主成分方差贡献率达到51.21%,第2主成分贡献率为21.37%。采用聚类分析方法,不同的种质资源被分为8大类群,第Ⅴ和Ⅵ类群的种质综合性状表现最好,这2个类群是优良的斑茅种质资源,可在甘蔗育种中加以挖掘利用。

Genetic Diversity Analysis Based on Main Phenotypic Characteristics of Erianthus arundinaceum Germplasm from Different Regions

The germplasm resource, genetic diversity including plant height, stem diameter, internode length, leaf length, leaf width and brix of 76 clones of E. arundinaceum, which were collected from different regions was analyzed. The average coefficient of variation of the six phenotypic traits was 14.6%-53.4%, the coefficient of variation of plant height and internode length was 53.4% and 37.7%, respectively, and the coefficient of variation of brix and leaf length was 19.1% and 14.6%, correspondingly. There was a significant positive correlation among plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length and internode length, among which the correlation coefficient between plant height and internode length was 0.818. Meanwhile, brix was negatively correlated with plant height and internode length, with correlation coefficients of -0.232 and -0.263, respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first two principal components was 72.58%, of which the contribution rate of the first principal component was 51.21%, and that of the second principal component was 21.37%. By cluster analysis, 76 clones were divided into eight groups and the comprehensive characters of V and VI groups were the best. The two groups are excellent E. arundinaceum germplasm resources, which could be excavated and utilized in sugarcane breeding program.