乙醇水剂法提取武夷水仙茶叶籽油及其品质分析

以武夷水仙茶叶籽为原料,采用乙醇水剂法提取武夷水仙茶叶籽油,通过单因素试验考察了提取温度、料液比、乙醇浓度和pH对提取率的影响,并采用正交试验设计优化了提取工艺条件。结果显示,武夷水仙茶叶籽油最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度30%（V/V）、料液比1∶7、pH 9、提取温度60 ℃,在该条件下武夷水仙茶叶籽油提取率为93.61%。在提取的武夷水仙茶叶籽油中共检测到18种脂肪酸,以油酸（51.77%）、亚油酸（23.14%）为主,∑SFA∶∑MUFA∶∑PUFA=1∶2.64∶1.27,各项理化指标均符合国家标准。结果表明武夷水仙茶叶籽油是一种营养价值较高的植物食用油,研究结论可为武夷山茶产区茶叶籽油提取、品质评价提供理论依据。

Extraction of Camellia Oil from Wuyi Shuixian Tea by Ethanol and Quality Analysis

The extraction of camellia oil of Wuyi Shuixian tea was carried out by aqueous ethanol. The effects of extraction temperature, ratio of material to liquid, concentration of ethanol and pH on the extraction rate were investigated by the single factor experiment. The orthogonal experiment design was used to optimize the extraction conditions. The results showed that the best extraction conditions were ethanol concentration 30% (V/V), material to liquid ratio 1∶7, pH 9, extraction temperature 60 ℃, under which the extraction rate of camellia oil was 93.61%. 18 kinds of fatty acids were detected in the extracted camellia oil from Wuyi Shuixian tea, mainly oleic acid (51.77%), linoleic acid (23.14%), ΣSFA∶ΣMUFA∶ΣPUFA = 1∶2.64∶1.27, and all physicochemical indexes measured meet the national standards. The results show that camellia oil from Wuyi Shuixian tea is a kind of plant edible oil with high nutritional value. The conclusion could provide theoretical basis for the extraction and quality evaluation of tea seed oil in Wuyishan tea production area.