CIMMYT玉米群体Pob101的改良与利用研究

外来种质的引进与利用是解决我国玉米育种种质资源狭窄的重要途径。通过平均数、配合力和杂种优势分析,研究CIMMYT极早熟群体Pob101生态适应性的改良效果及其与我国主要种质的杂种优势关系。分析表明,群体产量平均每轮增益5.69%,生育期平均每轮下降3.8d,散粉期平均每轮下降1.3d,抽丝期平均每轮下降1.8d,穗位高和株高每轮下降10.33cm和5.37cm。与5个测验种的测交组合产量平均每轮增益4.02%,配合力和杂种优势都有所提高。Pob101群体与掖478有较近的亲缘关系,可以将掖478导入群体Pob101以改良其产量性状。

Study on Improvement and Application in CIMMYT Maize Population Pob101

Introgression and application of exotic germplasm is a key way to solve the straitness of genetic background in corn breeding in China. The population means, combining ability(GCA and SCA) and heterosis were analyzed on an extra-early CIMMYT pobulation Pob101 after four cycles mass recurrent selection to estimate the effect of improvement in ecological adaption and heterosis pattern. The main results showed that the effect of mass imrovement on Pob101 was available in yield and other traits. The average amount of increase in prodvction per cycle was 5.69%. The maturity was shorter significantly with an average 3.8 d per cycle. Days to pollen and days to silk were decreased significantly with averages 1.3 d and 1.8d respectively. Plant height and ear height were decreased significantly with averages 10.33cm and 5.37 cm respectively. The total average increase yield of testcrosses with 5 testers was 4.02% per cycle. The cross Pob101×Ye478 demonstrated the lowest heterosis and might be considerated to introduced this pobulation into PA germplasm.