玉米自交系对低氮反应的田间与盆栽评价

深入了解玉米自交系的氮效率现状是选育氮高效品种的基础。利用20个自交系在两个地块上、两个施氮水平下,研究了它们的氮效率(产量/施氮量)表现。同时,进行盆栽试验,探讨利用苗期生物量实现氮效率快速筛选的可能性。结果表明,氮效率、氮吸收效率及氮利用效率在玉米自交系间存在显著差异。地块间自交系的氮效率变异较大,CA170(2)、原引1号(5)、早27(17)对土壤氮素的降低反应敏感,减产幅度达到45%以上,是高氮高效品系;478(1)是中产耐低氮品系;武312(13)、北黄4(20)为双低效品系。盆栽苗期试验与田间试验结果一致性较差,说明不能达到氮效率快速筛选的目的。

Evaluation for Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines in Response to Low Nitrogen by Field and Pot Experiments

It is the foundation of development of high nitrogen use efficiency maize that understanding the actualities of characteristics of maize inbred lines using the N. In this study, the N using was analyzed under both high and low N levels, with 20 inbred lines, three field locations and pot experiment. There were significant variations in the N efficiency, uptake efficiency and utility efficiency among the inbreds and different experimental locations and ways. CA170(2), Yuanyin No.1(5), Zao27(17) were sensitive to the decrease of N in soil, and were nonefficient-efficient. The decreases of them were not less than 45%. The inbred lines 478(1) was nonefficient-nonefficient, and could tolerant the low N. Wu312(13), Beihuang 4(20) were low yield under two N levels. Some inbreds performed well in N uptake efficiency or utility efficiency. The performance of inbreds was different between the fields and potted plants; it means that selection of N efficient inbreds could be failed by seedling pot experiment.