密度与行距配置对耐密型春玉米农艺性状及产量的影响

采用3因素裂区设计,对3个耐密型品种在3个种植密度和3种行距配置方式下的农艺性状及产量的数量差异进行比较研究。结果表明,密度对3个品种的株高、穗位高、茎粗、群体最大叶面积指数(LAI)、穗数、穗粒数和百粒重的影响达极显著水平,行距配置对产量构成3因素存在显著或极显著影响,多个作用大小不一的农艺性状间的交互作用共同影响决定玉米产量。强盛51与大丰26分别在密度为82 500 株/hm²和“66.6+33.3”cm宽窄行配置模式下产量最高,大丰26在密度为82 500株/hm²采用“50+50” cm等行距种植产量可达15 000 kg/hm²以上,确定这3个组合为玉米超高产的最佳配置。

Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Density-tolerant Spring Maize Cultivars in Different Planting Densities and Row Spacing

The plot experiment with three factors split was conducted with three maize varieties, three kinds of planting densities and row spacing. The difference of agronomic traits and yield under different experimental conditions were analyzed. The results showed that plant height, height of ear position, stem diameter, maximum leaf area index were significantly influenced by planting density, and the three components of maize yield had significant difference at different planting density and mode, interaction among agronomic traits influenced the maize yield. The yield of Qiangsheng51 and Dafeng26 both were the highest at a density of 82 500 plants per ha in wide-narrow row (66.6+33.3 cm) planting mode, Dafeng26 had the higher yield that more than 15 000 kg/ha at the density of 82 500 plants per ha in equal row(50+50 cm) planting mode.The three combinations were the optimal allocation of super high yield maize on the experimental conditions.