不同耕作方式对西北地区春玉米土壤物理性状及产量的影响

通过对土壤容重、土壤紧实度、土壤田间持水量、土壤含水量及玉米产量的测定和分析,研究春季深松、条带深旋耕、常规表层旋耕3种耕作方式对西北地区春玉米土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响。结果表明,春季深松、春季条带旋耕在各生育时期0~15 cm各指标均无显著差异,对16~25 cm、26~35 cm土壤容重降低效果显著,春季深松和春季条带旋耕均显著地降低了16~25 cm土壤紧实度,且显著提高了16~25 cm、26~35 cm土壤田间持水量,通过提高穗长、穗粒数和千粒重,春季深松较常规旋耕提高了经济产量。

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Spring Maize in Northwest China

The effects of three tillage methods including subsoiling, belt rotary tillage and conventional surface rotary tillage, on soil physical properties and spring maize yield in northwest China were investigated by the measurement and analysis of soil bulk density, soil compaction, soil field water holding capacity, soil water content, and maize yield. The results showed that subsoiling and belt rotary tillage in the spring reduced the soil bulk density of 16-25 cm, 26-35 cm soil layer in the different growth periods significantly. Subsoiling and belt rotary tillage significantly reduced the soil compactness of 16-25 cm, and significantly improved soil moisture content of 16-25 cm, 26-35 cm. Compared with conventional rotary tillage, subsoiling in spring increased its economic yield by increasing panicle length, panicle grain number, and 1 000-grain weight.