适宜机械化玉米-大豆间作生产模式研究

研究机械化条件下玉米-大豆间作的生产效益,为优化玉米-大豆间作模式提供理论基础。设置玉米单作(MM)、大豆单作(SM)、玉米大豆行比2∶4间作(2/4I)和玉米大豆行比4∶4间作(4/4I)种植模式,分析不同种植模式的作物产量、经济效益和土壤温室气体排放特征。结果表明,2/4I和4/4I模式均具有间作优势,土地当量比分别为1.24和1.15;与单作相比,间作成本降低、产值增加、经济效益显著提高;间作还降低了农田土壤CO2和N2O排放通量。综合比较两种间作模式的产量和效益,2/4I模式优势优于4/4I。

Production Pattern of Maize-Soybean Intercropping System under Mechanization Production Condition

The production efficiency of maize-soybean intercropping under mechanization production condition was studied to provide the theoretical basis for optimizing maize-soybean intercropping pattern. We conducted a field experiment including four planting patterns, maize monoculture(MM), soybean monoculture(SM), maize-soybean intercropped with row ratio 2:4(2/4I) and maize-soybean intercropped with row ratio 4:4(4/4I) to explore the crop yield, economic efficiency and soil greenhouse gas emission. The results showed that, both 2/4I and 4/4I had intercropping advantages, and the land equivalent ratio was 1.24 and 1.15, respectively. Compared with the monoculture, the intercropping pattern reduced cost, increased output value and improved economic benefit significantly. With the Intercropping pattern, the emission fluxes of soil CO₂ and N₂O also reduced in farmland. Comprehensive comparison of production efficiency and ecological efficiency in two maize-soybean intercropping pattern, the intercropping advantage of 2/4I was greater than that 4/4I.