玉米单倍体高自然加倍材料吉Gjb335DH3的遗传分析与QTL初定位研究

玉米单倍体育种技术加倍率低的问题是单倍体育种技术应用限制条件。本研究以雄穗低自然加倍材料DHL287为母本、雄穗高自然加倍材料吉Gjb335DH³为父本，构建单倍体雄穗高自然加倍群体。根据集群分离分析法（BSA，Bulked segregant analysis），结合SNP标记，使用滑动窗口分析3组BSA混池基因型数据，最终在1、3、4、5、7号染色体上筛选出23个与雄穗高自然加倍相关的QTL位点。其中，3组BSA混池结果都在1、3、4号染色体上定位到4个共有的显著QTL区段，说明4个QTL区段具有很强的重演性。同时，在5、7号染色体上分别定位到3个、2个与单倍体雄穗高自然加倍相关的QTL位点。

Genetic Analysis and Preliminary QTL Mapping of Haploid Male Tassel Height Natural Doubling Material of Maize

Haploid seeding technology of maize solves the problems of long breeding cycle and low selection efficiency in conventional maize breeding technology. However, the problem of low haploid doubling rate is still a limiting condition for the application of haploid technology. In this study, natural doubling tassels with low tassel height DHL287 were used as female parents, and tassel height doubling material Ji Gjb335DH³ was used as male parents to construct haploid tassel height doubling populations. According to the BSA method, combined with SNP markers, the sliding window was used to analyze the three sets of BSA mixed pool genotype data, and finally 23 were screened out on 5 chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 QTL loci associated with natural doubling of tassel height. Among them, the results of three sets of BSA mixed pools were all mapped to 4 common significant QTL segments on chromosomes 1, 3 and 4, indicating that the 4 QTL segments have strong reproducibility. At the same time, 3 and 2 QTLs related to the natural doubling of haploid tassel height were located on chromosomes 5 and 7, respectively.