种植方式和密度对寒地高产玉米品种产量及光合物质生产特性的影响

采用玉米品种郑单958,基于不同种植密度,比较研究65 cm传统小垄(一穴单株,A;一穴双株紧靠,B)及110 cm大垄双行(一行为一穴单株、一行为一穴双株紧靠,C;两行均为一穴双株紧靠,D;两行均为一穴单株,E)不同种植方式下,玉米的产量构成因素、光合物质生产分配和光合性能指标动态变化及差异.结果表明,不同种植方式和密度对玉米产量影响显著,种植方式和密度交互作用达到极显著水平.种植方式C和E产量优势得益于较高穗粒数、千粒重和穗数的相互补偿作用;种植方式C和E在吐丝后干物质积累及其向子粒的分配比例较高,吐丝后能维持较高的叶面积指数、光合势、光合速率、叶绿素含量.

Effects of Plant Arrangement Patterns and Planting Density on Grain Yield and Photosynthesis Production Characteristics of High-yielding Maize Variety in Cold Region

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate five possible plant arrangement patterns -65 cm narrow ridge with one plant in each point(A), 65 cm narrow ridge with two plants in each point(B), 110 cm width ridge with one plant in each point for one line and two plants in each point for other line(C), two lines at 110 cm width ridge with two plants in each point(D), and two lines at 110 cm width ridge with one plant in each point(E) under four planting density-in terms of grain yield and photosynthesis production characteristics in high-yielding maize variety Zhengdan 958. The yield components, photosynthetic production distribution and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of maize crops were monitored and compared. The results showed that different ways of planting and density has significant effects on maize yield and planting way and the density interaction to achieve significant level, the output of planting form C and E advantage thanks to spike, grains and grain number of spikelets of mutual compensation. Dry matter accumulation after silking and the proportion of it be transported to grain were also higher under plant arrangement C and E than other treatments. LAI, LAD, Pn and chlorophyll content fall slowly after silking, which were very important to the high-yield formation.