不同耕作方式对土壤水分及玉米生长发育的影响

针对辽宁省中北部地区土壤耕层变浅、犁地层变硬等问题,以当地传统的耕作方式秋季旋耕为对照,设置秋季旋耕后翻耕25 cm、秋季旋耕后深松30 cm、秋季旋耕后隔年深松30 cm 3种耕作方式,探讨不同耕作方式对土壤水分和玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明,翻耕或深松处理均有利于土壤含水量的提高,其中以秋季旋耕后深松30 cm和秋季旋耕后翻耕25 cm的保墒效果最佳;翻耕或深松处理均增加了根冠比和产量,提高了玉米叶片酶活性,延缓了玉米生育后期叶片的衰老,其中以秋季旋耕后翻耕25 cm效果最佳。秋季旋耕后翻耕25 cm的耕作方式较好。

Effects of Different Tillage Managements on Soil Moisture and Growth of Maize

According to the characters of soil layer shoal and plow pan was hard in the middle and northern areas of Liaoning province, used plowing 25 cm, sub-soiling 30 cm and sub-soiling 30 cm in alternate years in autumn to study effects of different tillage managements on soil moisture and development of maize. The results showed that soil water contents of different tillage managements were all higher than CK. Among of which the sub-soiling 30 cm and the plowing 25 cm were the most significant. All the tillage managements increased the root/shoot ratio and yield. Increased the enzyme activity in leaves of maize, defer decrepitude effectively of leaves at latter growing stage, the plowing 25 cm in the fall was the best. The plowing 25 cm was the best, and obviously superior to that of other tillage managements.