浅析Tuxpeno和Suwan等(亚)热带种质在中国玉米育种和生产中的作用

分析了20世纪70年代至今Tuxpeno、Suwan、墨黄9号和西南山区地方品种等(亚)热带种质选系及改良系在中国玉米育种和生产上的研究与应用.结果表明,优良玉米群体Tuxpeno、Suw明和墨黄9号等,优良玉米自交系S37、S11、S1611、QB39、毕405、449、D19、M9、五-151、J51和5311等,优良玉米杂交种恩单2号、会单4号、雅玉2号、桂单19、兴黄单89-2、交三单交和黔单13等,对中国玉米育种和生产产生了一定影响,其间利用的主要杂优模式为Suwan(Tuxpeno等)×西南山区地方品种选系或温改地选系或典型温带种质选系等.新世纪如何继续沿用原有杂优模式和利用(亚)热带种质改良中国骨干类群并创建新的杂优模式都值得玉米育种家高度重视,为中国玉米育种和生产再上新台阶奠定基础。

A Primary Analysis of the Effection of the Tropics(Subtropics) Germplasm Such as Tuxpeno and Suwan to Chinese Maize Breeding and Production

This article has analyzed the effects of the tropics,subtropics germplasm such as Tuxpeno,Suwan,Ac8238BN and South-west local varieties to Chinese maize breeding and production since 1970s of 20th.The results indicates that the elite maize populations such as Tuxpeno,Suwan,Ac8328BN,elite maize hybred lines such as S37,S11,S1611,QB39,Bie405,449,Da19,M9,Wu-151,Jiao51,5311 and elite maize hybrids such as Endan No.2,Huidan No.4,Yayu No.2,Guidan19,Xinghuangdan No.89-2,Jiaosandanjiao,Qiandan13 play a definite influence in Chinese maize breeding and production.During this period,the main heterosis patterns are Suwan Subgroup and Tuxpeno crossing with South-West local varieties selected lines or temperate zone germplasm improved local varities selected lines or typical temperate zone germplasm selected lines.In 21st century,in order to lay a foundation to raise Chinese maize breeding and production,how to continue to use previous heterosis patterns and how to utilize tropics,subtropics germplasm improved Chinese main group and to create new herosis patterns are worth to Chinese maize breeders such attention.