玉米收获期子粒含水量相关性状的遗传及育种策略

收获期子粒含水量的高低严重影响玉米子粒的商品品质和生产成本.不同品种间收获期子粒含水量存在显著差异,这种差异受品种、灌浆速率、生理成熟时的含水量、脱水速率和环境等多个因素影响.收获期子粒含水量的遗传力高,狭义遗传力为77%,可进行直接选择,但在田间可通过某些相关性状进行间接选择.同时可借助RSE等选择指数选育高产、收获时含水量低的玉米杂交种。

Genetics on Water Content at Harvesting and Correlative Traits and Breeding Strategy

The water content at harvesting influences the grain quality and production cost greatly in maize.The water content of kernel has significant difference in breeds and correlation with breeds,water content at physiologi-cal maturity,grain filling rate,dry down rate and environment.Direct selection may be effective to water content for the higher heritability of77%.Indirect selection may also be effective on some correlative traits or on selection index such as RSE in field to breeding corn hybrids with high yield and low water content at harvesting.