玉米品种对鞘腐病的抗性评价及产量损失研究

选取中国北方生产主栽玉米品种和常用自交系,通过人工接种的方法进行玉米鞘腐病的抗性鉴定。结果表明,139份玉米杂交种中,免疫品种3份,高抗品种124份,抗病品种12份,无感病品种,表明目前生产上推广的玉米杂交种对鞘腐病的抗性较好,鞘腐病的发率病与病情指数正在逐年上升。供试12份自交系的平均抗性水平明显低于杂交种,发率病明显高于杂交种。测产结果表明,产量损失同玉米鞘腐病发病程度呈正比。

Resistant Evaluation and Yield Loss of Common Corn Varieties to Corn Sheath Rot

The main varieties in Northern China were taken to evaluate the resistance to corn sheath rot(CSR). The results showed that there were 3 varieties evaluated as immune, one hundred and twenty four varieties as highly resistant and 12 varieties as resistant among 139 hybrids. Meanwhile, susceptible varieties were not identified. Those results illustrated that the popularized varieties had good resistance to CSR, but the rate of disease incidence and the index were rising year by year. Nevertheless, the average resistant level of 12 inbred lines was significantly lower than hybrids, and the disease incidence were significantly higher than hybrids. Furthermore, there was positively correlation between yield loss and the disease degree. These results will provide the fundamental basis for guiding rational distribution and scientifically breeding the resistant resources of corn to CSR.